The American stuff was part DoD but also Linkin Park, weirdly enough, one of their songs had the line "We are broken people living on a loaded gun", when I heard that I was reading DoD and it kind of fit; a loaded gun being slavery, but as for the broken people, my thinking was Holy Roman Empire meets DoD, cause nothing is more broken then the Holy Roman Empire.

The French stuff was just me wondering what if the Weirder parts of the French Revolution stayed around and came to dominate western Europe.

The New England Colonial Empire was just something that I came up with for another TL, they need resources and the US ain't sharing, Empires are driven by the need for resources to full industry, I also had them be major hypocrites, cause it seemed funny.

Cuba being last hold out of the Spanish Monarchy, was just more fun.

Although the Washington religion, just came out of thin air, it seemed funny, a bit of parody on how some parts of the US venerate the Founding Fathers, which is very funny to me cause Aussies don't give two cents about our Founders.
Also the Neo-Byzantium Empire came form Zach's Napoleon's Victory TL, where Russia does something similar after the Second World War.

The rest is kind of cliché, Brazil as Portugal in Exile, Japan as the UKs' ally, so France takes China.