hey, can you name one independant arab state that existed in that area?
let's see... nope. not at all. arabs arrived here only in 600ad.
now about jews...
The kingdom of David,later split into the Kingdom of Jehuda and The kingdom of israel, Later conquered by Assyria, babylon, Persia, and then Greeks.
The comes forth the 80 years rule of the Hashmonaim, after the jews rebelled against the Greeck occupation. then come the romans. in that time we have two rebellions, one which sees the burning of the 2nd temple, exile of Jews from Israel,and the renaming of Israel to Palestinia provincia. Jews scatter across the roman empire.