I wish I could explain shortly all there is to know about acrylics, but there is no short way to do it. And eventually, it is not about acrylics or oils. All principles of color are the same, whether it is acrylics, oils, watercolor, ink or even photography.
Focus on how light works in black and white first, then how warm and cool colors affect light in real life.
Maybe some day I will sit down and spend some time on writing a book about it. But there are some good books already out there on the matter.
Everything James Gurney has written, or traditional painters like Richard Schmid are priceless sources of information.